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91.
92.
IntroductionMontmorilloniteisaclaymineralwithsubstantialisomorphicsubstitution .Mesoporouspillaredmontmorillonitecanbepreparedbyintroducinggallerytemplates ,suchasquaternaryammoniumcationandlongchainamine .Thusformedorgano montmorilloniteshaveimprovedcapa… 相似文献
93.
苯胺降解菌的分离和特性研究 总被引:16,自引:2,他引:16
从活性污泥中分离到一株细菌AN3,能以苯胺为唯一碳源、氮源和能源生长.经鉴定为食酸丛毛胞菌(Comamonasacidovorans).该菌株可以在高达5000mg/L以上的苯胺中生长.当苯胺浓度为2000mg/L左右时,经3天培养即可全部被降解.该菌株还可以利用乙酰苯胺,但不能利用其他取代类苯胺化合物.AN3菌的生长和降解苯胺的最适温度为30℃和pH为70.9种金属离子对该菌的生长和苯胺的降解均有不同程度抑制作用,尤以Ag+和Hg2+为明显.该菌与苯胺降解代谢有关酶类的测定结果表明,该菌含有的邻苯二酚-2,3加双氧酶是诱导酶. 相似文献
94.
高Al13纳米聚合氯化铝的结构表征及混凝效果 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
采用AlCl36H2O和Na2CO3制备了聚合氯化铝(PAC),并采用SO42-/Ba2+沉淀-置换法分离提纯了其中的纳米Al13形态,应用27Al-NMR和XRD等现代实验技术对其中的Al13形态进行了分析表征,27Al-NMR结果表明,分离提纯后样品中的Al13含量明显高于PAC,XRD结果表明,Al13的衍射峰出现在2q角为5~25之间;混凝烧杯实验表明,纳米级PAC较传统的混凝剂AlCl3、Al2(SO4)3和PAC具有更好的除浊、脱色效果. 相似文献
95.
南方天然水体DOM的化学分级、变化特征及三卤甲烷生成势(THMFP)特性研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
采用XAD树脂吸附法,在春季内(3~5月)连续对南方深圳水库中的水体溶解性有机物(DOM)进行化学分级表征.结果表明,天然水体DOM的总量和单个化学分级组分含量在一个季节会发生一定的波动,但总的分布特征在季节内未发生根本变化,即憎水酸(HoA)和亲水部分(HiM)浓度始终较高,而憎水碱(HoB)、憎水中性物(HoN)、弱憎水酸(WHoA)浓度则相对较低.同时,选取代表性时间点对DOM各化学分级组分进行了消毒副产物三卤甲烷生成势(THMFP)的研究,发现三卤甲烷(THMs)的主要前驱物为憎水和弱憎水有机部分,对THMFP的贡献共占约80%.进一步研究发现,憎水中性物、憎水酸、弱憎水酸的THMs生成能力较强,总体上与紫外吸收能力基本一致;但弱憎水酸表现略有不同,其SUVA(100×UV254/DOC)值并不十分突出,但三卤甲烷生成能力却明显较高,说明DOM的紫外吸收特性不能完全作为THMFP特性的替代指标.亲水物质(HiM)的SUVA值也不高,但其THMs生成能力接近憎水酸部分,值得水处理工艺研究重点关注. 相似文献
96.
绵农小麦种子巯基蛋白酶抑制剂的纯化及性质研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
绵农11号小麦种子磨粉后的胚和麸皮,经溶液浸取和硫酸铵分级沉淀获得巯基蛋白酶抑制剂(CPI)粗品,再经木瓜蛋白酶-Sepharose4B亲和层析,DEAE-Sepharose离子交换层析和SephadexG-100分子筛层析,可获得两种CPI.通过SDS-PAGE或凝胶过滤法测得其Mr分别为18800[简称CPI(H)]和10500[简称CPI(L)].它们在PAGE,SDS-PAGE和HPLC上均为单一蛋白带.CPI(L)和CPI(H)对木瓜白酶的抑制活性(ID50)分别为7.8×10-6mol/L和3.40×10-6mol/L.对无花果蛋白酶的抑制活性分别为9.5×10-5mol/L和5.8×10-6mol/L;CPI(H)对菠萝蛋白酶有弱抑制作用,但CPI(L)则无抑制作用;无论是CPI(L)或CPI(H)对胰蛋白酶、胰凝乳蛋白酶和胃蛋白酶均无抑制作用.CPI(H)的N-末端为Ile.CPI(H)和CPI(L)在pH2.0~11.0范围内和90℃处理5min,两种CPI的抑制活性均无变化;CPI(H)和CPI(L)对木爪蛋白酶的抑制曲线经Dixon作图法,得出CPI(H)为反竞争性抑制类型,而CPI(L)为竞争性抑制类型,其Ki值为8.32×10-6mol/L. 相似文献
97.
涕灭威污染体系研究现场土壤生态系统表征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以湖北省卢龙县刘天庄邵时各村农田生态系统为例,阐述了生态系统的表生方法,得出该生态系统利于做复合污染物的研究,且系统中农药的降解有明显的复杂性,与实验室模拟有差异。为进一步研究复合化学污染物在该生态系统中多介质多界面的环境行为提供了依据。 相似文献
98.
A new environmental chamber for evaluation of gas-phase chemical mechanisms and secondary aerosol formation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
William P.L. Carter David R. Cocker III Dennis R. Fitz Irina L. Malkina Kurt Bumiller Claudia G. Sauer John T. Pisano Charles Bufalino Chen Song 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2005,39(40):7768-7788
A new state-of-the-art indoor environmental chamber facility for the study of atmospheric processes leading to the formation of ozone and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) has been constructed and characterized. The chamber is designed for atmospheric chemical mechanism evaluation at low reactant concentrations under well-controlled environmental conditions. It consists of two collapsible 90 m3 FEP Teflon film reactors on pressure-controlled moveable frameworks inside a temperature-controlled enclosure flushed with purified air. Solar radiation is simulated with either a 200 kW Argon arc lamp or multiple blacklamps. Results of initial characterization experiments, all carried out at 300–305 K under dry conditions, concerning NOx and formaldehyde offgasing, radical sources, particle loss rates, and background PM formation are described. Results of initial single organic–NOx and simplified ambient surrogate–NOx experiments to demonstrate the utility of the facility for mechanism evaluation under low NOx conditions are summarized and compared with the predictions of the SAPRC-99 chemical mechanism. Overall, the results of the initial characterization and evaluation indicate that this new environmental chamber can provide high quality mechanism evaluation data for experiments with NOx levels as low as 2 ppb, though the results indicate some problems with the gas-phase mechanism that need further study. Initial evaluation experiments for SOA formation, also carried out under dry conditions, indicate that the chamber can provide high quality secondary aerosol formation data at relatively low hydrocarbon concentrations. 相似文献
99.
100.
Scott N. Miller William G. Kepner Megan H. Mehaffey Mariano Hernandez Ryan C. Miller David C. Goodrich K. Kim Devonald Daniel T. Heggem W. Paul Miller 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2002,38(4):915-929
ABSTRACT: Significant land cover changes have occurred in the watersheds that contribute runoff to the upper San Pedro River in Sonora, Mexico, and southeast Arizona. These changes, observed using a series of remotely sensed images taken in the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s, have been implicated in the alteration of the basin hydrologic response. The Cannonsville subwatershed, located in the Catskill/Delaware watershed complex that delivers water to New York City, provides a contrast in land cover change. In this region, the Cannonsville watershed condition has improved over a comparable time period. A landscape assessment tool using a geographic information system (GIS) has been developed that automates the parameterization of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and KINEmatic Runoff and EROSion (KINEROS) hydrologic models. The Automated Geospatial Watershed Assessment (AGWA) tool was used to prepare parameter input files for the Upper San Pedro Basin, a subwatershed within the San Pedro undergoing significant changes, and the Cannonsville watershed using historical land cover data. Runoff and sediment yield were simulated using these models. In the Cannonsville watershed, land cover change had a beneficial impact on modeled watershed response due to the transition from agriculture to forest land cover. Simulation results for the San Pedro indicate that increasing urban and agricultural areas and the simultaneous invasion of woody plants and decline of grasslands resulted in increased annual and event runoff volumes, flashier flood response, and decreased water quality due to sediment loading. These results demonstrate the usefulness of integrating remote sensing and distributed hydrologic models through the use of GIS for assessing watershed condition and the relative impacts of land cover transitions on hydrologic response. 相似文献